diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 57d1e35..9ebd373 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -150,3 +150,31 @@ Bearbeitung inline gebaut, obwohl das Muster danebenlag.
 `tests/Feature/EditInModalTest.php` — kein Seiten-Blade darf ein Eingabefeld in
 einem `<td>` wachsen lassen, und die Benutzertabelle muss `edit-seat` per
 `openModal` öffnen.
+
+---
+
+## R21 — Konsole und Portal teilen keine Identität
+
+**Betreiber und Kunden sind zwei Personengruppen, nicht zwei Zustände einer.**
+
+Verboten:
+
+1. **Eine Rolle oder Berechtigung am `User`.** Alle siebzehn Berechtigungen sind
+   Konsolen-Berechtigungen; sie liegen am `operator`-Guard. Ein `users`-Datensatz
+   mit Konsolenzugang ist die Vermischung in klein.
+2. **Eine Auth-Route, die beide Seiten bedient.** `RestrictAdminHost::SHARED`
+   führt nur noch `livewire/*` und `up`.
+3. **Eine Anmeldeansicht für beide.** Das Portal hat Fortify, die Konsole hat
+   `App\Livewire\Auth\OperatorLogin`.
+
+### Warum das aufgeschrieben wurde
+
+Die Konsole lieferte die Anmeldeseite des Portals aus — mit „Kein Konto?
+Registrieren" darauf. `register` stand nicht in `SHARED` und konnte dort auch
+nicht stehen, weil eine Konsole keine Selbstregistrierung hat. Der Link führte
+also zwangsläufig in eine 404. Das war kein Anzeigefehler, sondern die Identität
+zweier Personengruppen in einer Tabelle.
+
+### Erzwungen durch
+
+`tests/Feature/IdentitySeparationTest.php`
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/CreateAdmin.php b/app/Console/Commands/CreateAdmin.php
index 7ace7d1..772a2e9 100644
--- a/app/Console/Commands/CreateAdmin.php
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/CreateAdmin.php
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 namespace App\Console\Commands;
 
 use App\Models\Customer;
-use App\Models\User;
+use App\Models\Operator;
 use Illuminate\Console\Command;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
 use Illuminate\Validation\Rules\Password;
@@ -16,14 +16,20 @@ use Spatie\Permission\PermissionRegistrar;
  *
  * Promotion is deliberate: running this twice with the same address should fix
  * a lost role, not fail with "email already taken".
+ *
+ * Renamed from clupilot:create-admin now that the account this creates is an
+ * Operator, not a User with is_admin set — the old name stays reachable as an
+ * alias so existing install scripts and muscle memory keep working.
  */
 class CreateAdmin extends Command
 {
-    protected $signature = 'clupilot:create-admin
+    protected $signature = 'clupilot:create-operator
                             {--email= : Login address}
                             {--name= : Display name}
                             {--password= : Leave empty to be prompted}';
 
+    protected $aliases = ['clupilot:create-admin'];
+
     protected $description = 'Create or promote an operator account with the Owner role';
 
     public function handle(): int
@@ -57,17 +63,15 @@ class CreateAdmin extends Command
             return self::FAILURE;
         }
 
-        $user = User::query()->firstOrNew(['email' => $email]);
-        $existed = $user->exists;
+        $operator = Operator::query()->firstOrNew(['email' => $email]);
+        $existed = $operator->exists;
 
-        $user->fill([
+        $operator->fill([
             'name' => $name,
             'password' => Hash::make($password),
-            'is_admin' => true,
-            'email_verified_at' => $user->email_verified_at ?? now(),
         ])->save();
 
-        $user->syncRoles(['Owner']);
+        $operator->syncRoles(['Owner']);
         app(PermissionRegistrar::class)->forgetCachedPermissions();
 
         $this->info($existed
diff --git a/tests/Feature/IdentitySeparationTest.php b/tests/Feature/IdentitySeparationTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af43cb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/IdentitySeparationTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Operator;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+use Spatie\Permission\Models\Permission;
+use Spatie\Permission\Models\Role;
+
+/**
+ * R21 — the console and the portal share no identity.
+ *
+ * Not a style rule. A shared sign-in page showed an operator a registration
+ * link with a 404 behind it, and that was not a display fault: it was two
+ * different groups of people in one table.
+ */
+
+it('leaves no role or permission on the web guard', function () {
+    expect(Role::where('guard_name', 'web')->count())->toBe(0)
+        ->and(Permission::where('guard_name', 'web')->count())->toBe(0);
+});
+
+it('gives the User model no way to hold a role', function () {
+    expect(method_exists(User::class, 'hasRole'))->toBeFalse()
+        ->and(method_exists(User::class, 'isOperator'))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('cannot authenticate an operator on the web guard', function () {
+    $operator = Operator::factory()->role('Owner')->create(['password' => 'operator-passwort']);
+
+    expect(Auth::guard('web')->attempt([
+        'email' => $operator->email, 'password' => 'operator-passwort',
+    ]))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('cannot authenticate a portal user on the operator guard', function () {
+    $user = User::factory()->create(['password' => 'kunden-passwort']);
+
+    expect(Auth::guard('operator')->attempt([
+        'email' => $user->email, 'password' => 'kunden-passwort',
+    ]))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('shares no authentication route between the two sides', function () {
+    $shared = (new ReflectionClass(App\Http\Middleware\RestrictAdminHost::class))
+        ->getConstant('SHARED');
+
+    foreach (['login', 'logout', 'register', 'two-factor-challenge'] as $path) {
+        expect($shared)->not->toContain($path);
+    }
+});
+
+it('has no console-aware login response left, because there is nothing to disambiguate', function () {
+    // A third class lived here too: ConsoleAwareTwoFactorLoginResponse, Fortify's
+    // TwoFactorLoginResponse-contract sibling of ConsoleAwareLoginResponse, for
+    // the two-factor completion path (see the deletion in 8f8a0ad — every one of
+    // the three landing-disambiguation classes went together, not just these two).
+    // Checking two of the three would let the third quietly come back.
+    expect(class_exists(App\Http\Responses\ConsoleAwareLoginResponse::class))->toBeFalse()
+        ->and(class_exists(App\Http\Responses\ConsoleAwareTwoFactorLoginResponse::class))->toBeFalse()
+        ->and(class_exists(App\Http\Responses\LandsWhereSignedIn::class))->toBeFalse();
+});